Each format changes the task
Listening reduces decoding demand but adds a need to hold spoken information. Pictures can establish context but may distract or reveal an answer. Text lets a reader return to a precise place but may raise decoding effort.
Choose around the goal
Use the format that provides access while preserving the target skill. Offer more than one route when useful, and observe which support helps in this activity rather than declaring a permanent “visual” or “auditory” learner type.
Limitations
Preference, access, and performance can change by content, context, and day. They do not define intelligence or a fixed learning identity.